Observing God's World - Chapter 2

Entomologist: a zoologist who focuses on insects

classification: process of arranging animals or other things into groups according to their similarities.

scientific name: use of the genus and species to name a living thing

vertebrates: animals with a backbones

invertebrates: animals without backbones

arthropods: invertebrates that have external skeletons, jointed appendages and segmented bodies

exoskeleton: provides an arthropod with protection, strength and support

chitin: tough material that makes up an exoskeleton

insect: an arthropod with three distinct body regions

antennae: helps an insect to feel, hear and taste

spiracles: tiny openings in an insect's body through which air enters.

molting: shedding of an exoskeleton

nocturnal: active at night

arachnid: an arthropod with two distinct body regions

cephalothorax: one of the body parts of an arachnid; a head and thorax combined

setae: sensitive hairs that grow all over the body of an arachnid

book lung: the organ belonging to an arachnid with several thin sheets of tissue filled with flood vessels that are stacked like pages in a book

spinnerets: tube like structures that release liquid silk:

complete metamorphosis :

Adult-> Eggs->Larva ->Pupa

incomplete metamorphosis :

platform spider

 

funnel weaver spider

 

ogre-faced spider

 

trap door spider

 

spitting spider

creeps to withing firing range of an insect and spits out a pair of strong, sticky threads

pounces on its prey; uses its silk as a safety line to keep it from falling

 

fishing spider

 

water spider

 

black widow

 

brown recluse

 

tarantula

 

Goliath birdeater: largest spider in the world; from South America; leg span of 10 inches

harvestman

 

scorpion: arachnid with a long tail with a poisonous needle-like point on the end

tick: parasitic arachnid that buries its head into a host's skin and feasts on its host's blood

mite: smallest arachnid

 

animalia and plantae: two kingdoms of Linnaeus' classification system

2 body regions of a spider

 

3 body regions of an insect

 

Orthoptera: insect order that includes crickets, grasshoppers, locusts and cockroaches

 

Odonata: insect order that includes dragonflies

Coleoptera: insect order that includes beetles

 

Homoptera: insect order that includes aphids, tree hoppers, leaf hoppers and cicadas

 

Hymenoptera: insect order that includes social insects such as bees, wasps and ants

 

Lepidoptera: insect order that includes butterflies and moths

 

Hemiptera: insect order that includes the "true bugs" such as bedbugs, stink bugs and water striders

Diptera: insect order that includes flies, gnats and mosquitoes

crustaceans: arthropods with hard, crusty shells

 

regeneration: the ability to replace a lost body part by regrowing it

 

swimmerets: leg-like limbs connected to the underside of each abdominal section that aid in swimming

 

herbivore: plant eater

 

carnivore: meat eater

 

pea crab

 

Japanese spider crab

 

king crab

 

blue crab

 

hermit crab

 

spiny lobster

 

crayfish

 

brine shrimp

 

pistol shrimp

 

cleaner shrimp

 

barnacle

 

wood louse

 

pill bug

 

coral reef: ridges of coral rock that lie at or near the surface of the water

 

mollusks: invertebrates that make beautiful, hard coverings for themselves called shells

gastropods: means "stomach foot"; animals that move along on a "foot" but look as if they were sliding on their stomachs; includes snails, slugs, cowries, whelks and others

 

univalve: one-shelled mollusk

 

bivalve: mollusks with two matching shells joined by a hinge

 

cephalopod: third type of mollusk; means "head foot"; all vital organs are found inside the "head foot"

 

protozoan: there are 45,000 different types of this miniature invertebrate.

cell: smallest unit of any living organism

 

cell membrane: surrounds the cell and protects it

 

cytoplasm: jellylike fluid that fills a cell

 

nucleus: the control center of a cell

 

chromosones: threadlike structures within a cell that contain the instructions for running the cell and for making needed parts

 

pseudopods: projections that an amoeba pushes out to move from place to place

 

cilia: tiny, hairlike structures

 

earthworm

 

leech

 

tapeworm

 

roundworm

 

sea star

 

sea urchin

 

sea anemone

 

coral polyps

 

hydra

 

jellyfish

 

Portuguese man-of-war

 

amoeba

 

paramecium

Science G6, Second week on September 2015