Observing God's World - Chapter 2

entomologist

a zoologist who focuses on insects

classification

process of arranging animals or other things into groups according to their similarities

scientific name

use of the genus and species to name a living thing

vertebrates

animals with a backbones

invertebrates

animals without backbones

arthropods

invertebrates that have external skeletons, jointed appendages and segmented bodies

exoskeleton

provides an arthropod with protection, strength and support

chitin

tough material that makes up an exoskeleton

insect

an arthropod with three distinct body regions

antennae

helps an insect to feel, hear and taste

spiracles

tiny openings in an insect's body through which air enters

complete metamorphosis

incomplete metamorphosis

molting

shedding of an exoskeleton

nocturnal

active at night

arachnid

an arthropod with two distinct body regions

cephalothorax

one of the body parts of an arachnid; a head and thorax combined

setae

sensitive hairs that grow all over the body of an arachnid

book lung

the organ belonging to an arachnid with several thin sheets of tissue filled with flood vessels that are stacked like pages in a book

 

ballooning

spinnerets

tube like structures that release liquid silk

 

funnel weaver spider

ogre-faced spider

trap door spider

spitting spider

creeps to withing firing range of an insect and spits out a pair of strong, sticky threads

spitting spider

pounces on its prey; uses its silk as a safety line to keep it from falling

 

fishing spider

water spider

black widow

brown recluse

tarantula

Goliath birdeater

largest spider in the world; from South America; leg span of 10 inches

 

harvestman

scorpion

arachnid with a long tail with a poisonous needle-like point on the end

 

tick

tick

parasitic arachnid that buries its head into a host's skin and feasts on its host's blood

 

mite

mite

smallest arachnid

animalia and plantae

two kingdoms of Linnaeus' classification system

complete and incomplete

two types of metamorphosis in insects

2 body regions of a spider

3 body regions of an insect

Orthoptera

insect order that includes crickets, grasshoppers, locusts and cockroaches

Odonata

insect order that includes dragonflies

Coleoptera

insect order that includes beetles

Homoptera

insect order that includes aphids, tree hoppers, leaf hoppers and cicadas

Hymenoptera

insect order that includes social insects such as bees, wasps and ants

Lepidoptera

insect order that includes butterflies and moths

Hemiptera

insect order that includes the "true bugs" such as bedbugs, stink bugs and water striders

Diptera

insect order that includes flies, gnats and mosquitoes

crustaceans

arthropods with hard, crusty shells

regeneration

the ability to replace a lost body part by regrowing it

swimmerets

leg-like limbs connected to the underside of each abdominal section that aid in swimming

herbivore

plant eater

carnivore

meat eater

 

pea crab

Japanese spider crab

king crab

blue crab

hermit crab

spiny lobster

crayfish

brine shrimp

pistol shrimp

cleaner shrimp

barnacle

wood louse

pill bug

coral reef

ridges of coral rock that lie at or near the surface of the water

mollusks

invertebrates that make beautiful, hard coverings for themselves called shells

gastropods

means "stomach foot"; animals that move along on a "foot" but look as if they were sliding on their stomachs; includes snails, slugs, cowries, whelks and others

univalve

one-shelled mollusk

bivalve

mollusks with two matching shells joined by a hinge

cephalopod

third type of mollusk; means "head foot"; all vital organs are found inside the "head foot"

protozoan

There are 45,000 different types of this miniature invertebrate.

cell

smallest unit of any living organism

cell membrane

surrounds the cell and protects it

cytoplasm

jellylike fluid that fills a cell

nucleus

the control center of a cell

chromosones

threadlike structures within a cell that contain the instructions for running the cell and for making needed parts

pseudopods

projections that an amoeba pushes out to move from place to place

cilia

tiny, hairlike structures

 

earthworm

leech

tapeworm

roundworm

sea star

sea urchin

sea anemone

coral polyps

hydra

jellyfish

Portuguese man-of-war

amoeba

paramecium

Science G6, First Smester.

Second August 2015